Heavy aromatic hydrocarbon
- weblognews1
- Nov 12, 2023
- 2 min read
This blend of aromatic hydrocarbons encompasses a spectrum ranging from C9 to C15, including their designated carbon counts and distillation ranges. During the manufacturing process, petroleum streams are reformulated into aromatic fluids, which are subsequently subjected to fractionation (distillation) within specified boiling thresholds. Hydrocarbons, consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen, take the form of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) when they feature multiple aromatic rings, making up a significant portion of the aromatic hydrocarbon category.
A heavy hydrocarbon is a crucial component in oil refineries' inter-distillation operations. The constituents of heavy hydrocarbons include alkyl compounds, resins, and asphaltenes. The distillation range for heavy hydrocarbons spans from approximately 150 to 385 degrees Celsius. Given the increasing global energy demand, there is an anticipated increase in the production and distillation frequency of oil products and heavy hydrocarbons in the future. This trend highlights the widespread application of heavy hydrocarbons across various industries today.
Applications of Heavy Hydrocarbons
Iran stands as a promising hub for exporting hydrocarbons to other nations. The discovery of hydrocarbon derivatives in neighboring Iraq predates four decades, coinciding with Iran's commencement of independent production of this substance.
Beyond fuel, hydrocarbons find utility in various forms, such as white spirit, used for cleaning metal surfaces, acting as a solvent, and serving as a thinner. With diverse applications across different industries, the versatility of these products is evident, particularly in sectors like painting.
Different Categories of Heavy Hydrocarbons
In the realm of chemistry, distinct classes of organic matter emerge, where carbon and hydrogen atoms exhibit uniform properties. The extended chains of hydrocarbons, coupled with the bonding patterns between atoms, confer unique properties and chemical attributes to hydrocarbons. Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons emerge as the two primary classes within this domain.
Aliphatic types, derived from crude oil and natural gas, are non-renewable resources integral to various industries. The classification of hydrocarbons into light and heavy variants reflects their distinct boiling points.
Refinement of Heavy Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil
Separating light and heavy hydrocarbons based on varying boiling points initiates the refinement process, involving the removal of salts and acids. The use of distillation and cracking methods transforms crude oil into products containing both heavy and light hydrocarbons. Distillation towers subject crude oil to temperatures of 400°C, segregating molecules based on their boiling rates.
The demand for light petroleum compounds remains high, while heavy hydrocarbons find application in complex, energy-intensive processes. Petrochemical refineries employ various processes such as fractional separation to convert crude oil into products, enhancing quality and eliminating undesirable compounds.
The concoction of heavy hydrocarbons involves materials with a flashpoint exceeding 40°C, spanning a range from 4 c1 to 25 c, commonly known as diesel fuel. Diesel fuel, synonymous with heavy hydrocarbons, boasts a boiling range from 4c1 to 25c.
Hydrocarbons characterized by high octane compositions, like heavy paraffin hydrocarbons, may exhibit heavy hydrocarbon traits but are unsuitable for use as fuels. Some of these compounds, featuring elongated hydrocarbon chains, prove valuable in detergent synthesis.
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